India’s $52B Russian oil imports in 2024–25 challenge its claim of neutrality
Since 1947, India has projected itself as a neutral player in global affairs. In reality, history shows deep ties with the Soviet Union and later Russia, alongside growing relations with the United States. The Russia-Ukraine conflict, however, has put this balancing act under intense scrutiny.
While calling for peace, India became one of the largest buyers of Russian oil in 2024–25, importing $52 billion worth at discounted rates. Much of this oil is refined in Gujarat’s Jamnagar refinery, owned by industrialist Mukesh Ambani, and resold to Western nations — including $15 billion to the EU. This trade bypasses sanctions, raising questions about India’s commitment to the rules-based order it claims to support.
The move is particularly sensitive given India’s role in the US-led Quad and the fact that the US is its largest trading partner. Washington is showing signs of frustration, with potential tariff measures being discussed.
Analysts warn that profiting from a sanctioned state while relying on US markets risks damaging both India’s credibility and its long-term strategic partnerships. In an interconnected world, leadership is defined not by profit margins but by choices during global crises.
